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Tissue regeneration by stimulation of stem cells

Plant alternatives to stem cell mobilizing factors, which help a greater proportion of stem cells to leave the bone marrow into the bloodstream, are also known, according to recent research. In addition to mobilization, some of them presumably support the self-renewal of stem cells, thereby supporting the regeneration of the organism.

Science

Scientific background...

Anemia due to chemotherapy

One of the potentials of uses for stimulation and mobilization of stem cells is to fight anemia, which often develops e.g. as a result of chemotherapy.

One study examined the effects of the ingredients of astragalus and angelica (ferulic acid, flavonoids, astragaloside) in mice treated with the chemotherapeutic agent cyclo-phosphamide. As a result of cyclo-phosphamide treatment, the number of red blood cells, platelets and white blood cells and the hemoglobin level drastically decreased, and the area responsible for hematopoiesis in the bone marrow shrunk. The above-listed ingredients from the herbs improved the blood count individually, however their combination improved all of the studied parameters and showed values slightly distinct from the pre-treatment condition.

Examined from a mechanistic point of view, the herbal combination (and the individual substances in varying degrees) also stimulated the self-renewal and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells, which contributed to rapid regeneration and reversal of treatment-induced stem cell aging.

According to scientific studies, Ganoderma lucidum counteracted the detrimental effects of cyclo-phosphamide and vinerolbine chemo-therapeutic agents on the formation of blood cells in animal experiments.

Not only chemo-therapeutics, heavy metals can also harm the bone marrow. Ingesting spirulina algae helped to prevent the damage to blood cells of lead and cadmium in rats.

Sources:

  • Active Components of Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix Protect Hematopoietic Function Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Injury in Mice and t-BHP-Induced Injury in HSCs. Front Pharm. 2019; 10:936.
  • Effect of recombinant Ganoderma lucidum immunoregulatory protein on cyclophosphamide-induced leukopenia in mice. Immunopharm Immunotox. 2013; 35(3):426-33.
  • Immunoactive Compounds of Ganoderma lucidum Spores by Mass Spectrometry Combined With in vivo Zebrafish Assays. Front Pharm. 2020; 11:287.
  • Spirulina platensis feeding inhibited the anemia- and leucopenia-induced lead and cadmium in rats. J Hazard Mater. 2009; 164(2-3):1304-9.
Stroke

When the cerebral blood vessels become blocked, a state of oxygen deficiency, called ischemic stroke may occur. When the blockage is removed, fresh, oxygen-rich blood flows into the tissues, which can unfortunately often further destroy the already damaged brain cells, this is called ischemic/reperfusion injury. When a stroke occurs, the prompt intervention is very important so that neuronal death occurs in as small an area of the brain as possible.

Many herbal ingredients are known to help repair the damaged condition that develops during stroke and subsequent reperfusion. Primarily, as antioxidants, they protect neurons and tissue stem cells from reactive oxygen-radicals, which is caused by oxidative stress from re-supplying oxygen to the damaged brain area. In addition, a number of plant agents have been shown to be able to stimulate neural progenitors and neural stem cells to divide and perform neurogenesis, thus improving brain regeneration and supporting recovery.

Such herbal substances are astragalosides of astragalus root, proanthocyanidins in grape seeds, fucoidan from brown algae, but the consumption of spirulina algae or the linghzi mushroom is also a beneficial effect resulted in animal studies. The mitigation of ischemic/reperfusion damage may be supported by vitamin E, coenzyme Q10 and the rutin flavonoid, reducing the deteriorating effect of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Sources:

  • Astragaloside IV Exerts Cognitive Benefits and Promotes Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Stroke Mice by Downregulating Interleukin-17. Front Pharm. 2020; 11:421.
  • Astragaloside VI Enhances Neurological Function Recovery in Transient Cerebral Ischemic Injury. Mol Neurobiol. 2019; 56(4):3053-3067.
  • Neuroprotective effect of Ganoderma lucidum in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat hippocampus. Neural Regen Res. 2014; 9(15):1446-52.
  • Metabolites from the mushroom Ganoderma as stimulators of neural stem cell proliferation. Phytochem. 2015; 114:155-62.
  • Grape seed proanthocyanidins attenuate apoptosis in ischemic stroke. Acta Neurol Belg. 2019; doi: 10.1007/s13760-019-01111-9.
  • Neuroprotective effect of Spirulina in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. J Neural Transm. 2010; 117(9):1083-91.
  • Leukocyte-platelet aggregates in rat peripheral blood after ischemic stroke and reperfusion. Biol Res Nurs. 2005; 6(4):281-8.
  • Possible role of vitamin E, coenzyme Q10 and rutin in protection against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in irradiated rats. Int J Radiat Biol. 2010; 86(12):1070-8.

Fucoidan can increase the regenerative capacity of the body by stimulating stem cells. In an experiment with mice, fucoidan was able to mobilize vascular wall stem cells and cardiac stem cells (scientifically known as endothelial and cardiac progenitors). Their number increased by 70% and by 25%, respectively. This elevated stem cell count helped to maintain normal vascularization of a transplanted organ, and new artery wall cells were formed to replace the dead cells in the inflamed vessel wall. The stem cell mobilizing effect of fucoidan was observed also for humans.

You can read more about the artery wall protective effect of fucoidan in the following post:
FUCOIDAN: STEM CELL MOBILIZATION AND ARTERY WALL PROTECTION

A termékről (általános információ)

(a régi termék oldal "Termék leírás" része)

The link between cells and regeneration is currently one of the most intensively researched fields. Understanding it promises solutions that can overcome some diseases that have been considered incurable, and therefore receive more and more attention.

According to novel scientific research, the regenerative capacity of the body can be increased by stimulating and mobilizing the endogenously formed stem cells inside the body.

What are stem cells?

Stem cells can be divided into 2 main types: 1) embryonic stem cells, which have high pluripotency, so they can transform (differentiate) into almost any cell, and 2) adult or somatic stem cells, which have a lower pluripotency and are generally considered to be progenitor cells of that tissue they can be found. In terms of function, adult stem cells are responsible for the maintenance and regeneration of specific tissues, and for the replenishment of damaged and dead cells.

Stem cells are actually everywhere in our body to ensure rapid and efficient tissue regeneration. There are types of stem cells that stay in the tissues throughout, while other stem cells circulate in the body. The latter are located most of the time in the bone marrow, some of which enters the bloodstream. Then, they either return to the bone marrow or enter to the tissues from the circulation to fulfill their function.

This intra-organizational circulation is mostly the characteristic of hematopoietic stem cells (stem cells giving rise to elements of the blood and immune system), but mesenchymal stem cells (MSC, especially cartilage, fat, bone-type differentiation, but can differentiate to muscle and even neuronal direction) and endothelial progenitor cells (vascular progenitor cells) may also circulate in the blood.

Stem cells circulating in the body can enter the tissues and meet stimuli (such as damage to a particular tissue) that cause them to stay in place and differentiate into target cells. By default, only a small amount of stem cells circulate in the bloodstream, but after consuming certain plants, the number of stem cells entering the bloodstream from the bone marrow increase, which can elevate the regenerative potential.

Due to the aging process, adverse environmental effects, and unfavorable eating and lifestyle habits, the number of circulating stem cells can decrease over time, which negatively affects our body’s regeneration abilities. In such cases, the so-called stem cell mobilizers are necessary.

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